Johnston, Harry Hamilton, The Negro in the New World / by Sir Harry H. Johnston ; with one illustration in colour by the author and 390 black and white illustrations by the author and others ; maps by Mr. J. W. Addison. (published [1910]), London, Methuen [1910]
Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture / General Research and Reference Division
ID# 1228907
Repression and Torture
The men and women who organized conspiracies, took part in revolts or fled to maroon camps willingly took enormous risks. When captured they were generally tortured before being put to death. This man was broken on the wheel in Surinam, the torture that Vincent Ogé and Jean-Baptiste Chavanne endured in Saint-Domingue.